

TechNet has detailed instructions for coping with installation failures with these error codes: 0x800f0a12, 0x8004a029, 0x800f0a13 or 0x800f0826, 0x800f0904, and 0xC000022.

The RSAT tools have been implicated in failed SP1 installations with error code 0x800f081f. If you need RSAT, it's safest to simply hold off on installing SP1, although there's a work-around posted on the TechNet site. The Remote Server Administration Tools don't work with SP1. Microsoft's TechNet blogs contain detailed explanations of a handful of identified, fully dissected problems. There have been a few - remarkably few - identified problems with the Service Pack and some additional unconfirmed reports that warrant your attention.
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If you've been waiting to install Windows 7 SP1 on your users' machines or hesitating about installing SP1 on your own PC, you might want to wait a little bit longer.
